around 20 Microlophus is a genus of tropidurid lizards native to South America.

Around 20 species are recognized and 10 of these are endemic to the Galápagos Islands,[a] where they are commonly known as lava lizards[2][1] (they are sometimes placed in Tropidurus instead).

The distribution of the lava lizards and their variations in shape, colour, and behaviour show the phenomenon of adaptive radiation so typical of the inhabitants of this archipelago.

One species occurs on all the central and western islands, which were perhaps connected during periods of lower sea levels, while one species each occurs on six other more peripheral islands.

Nota bene: A binomial authority in parentheses indicates that the species was originally described in a genus other than Microlophus.