Law enforcement in Indonesia

The Indonesian National Police (POLRI) is the main agency responsible for maintaining security and public order, law enforcement, and provide protection and service to the community in Indonesia.

The force is a centralised organisation with responsibilities ranging from traffic control, criminal investigation, intelligence gathering and counter-terrorism duties.

[2] The Mobile Brigade Corps or known locally as "Brimob" is the paramilitary force of the Indonesian National Police tasked to conduct high-risk law enforcement such as counterinsurgency, riot control, and hostage rescue.

The Police for Management of Marine, Coastal Region and Remote Islands (Polisi Khusus Pengelolaan Wilayah Pesisir dan Pulau-Pulau Kecil abbreviated Polsus PWP3K) is a newly specialized-formed policing unit under the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, their authority includes conducting patrols in coastal areas and remote islands and to take action towards complaints regarding activities that damage natural maritime resources.

Bakamla is a non-ministerial government institution which reports directly to the President through the Coordinating Ministry for Political, Legal, and Security Affairs.

The Sea and Coast Guard (Kesatuan Penjagaan Laut dan Pantai – KPLP) is an agency of the Government of Indonesia which has the main function to ensure the safety of shipping activity inside the Indonesian Maritime Zone.

The "KPLP" has the task to formulate and execute policies, standards, norms, guidelines, criteria and procedures, as well as technical guidance, evaluation and reporting concerning maritime patrol and security, which is conducted in coordination with other maritime law enforcement agencies of the country such as BAKAMLA, Indonesian National Police Water Unit, and also in certain cases with the Indonesian Navy.

[8] In February 2020, President Joko Widodo announced his intention to establish the Maritime Security Agency as Indonesia's coast guard.

This overlap raises concerns about legal clarity and the effectiveness of Indonesia's maritime law enforcement, both domestically and in the context of international cooperation.