Lawrence Hartmann

Hartmann played a central role in the APA's 1973 decision to remove homosexuality as a diagnosis of mental illness from its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (cf Drescher 2007, below) .

Hartmann's early years were unsettled by the annexation of Austria by Nazi Germany , and his family's consequent emigration from Vienna to Paris in 1938, to Switzerland in 1939, and to New York City in 1941.

His father was Heinz Hartmann (1894–1970), an internationally known psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, as well as a student and analysand of Sigmund Freud's.

Upon completion of his training, Hartmann began a private practice with adults, adolescents, and children ; ran a child and adolescent psychiatry clinic and a school consultation program; and, for about 50 years, taught, and served as a clinical professor of psychiatry, at Harvard Medical School, mostly at MMHC and later mostly at Cambridge Hospital.

He has written on such topics as child psychotherapy, dirty words, ethics, play, apartheid, torture, skepticism, and biopsychosocial integration.