After the Treaty of Adionople in 1829, Russia was the protector of the Greek Orthodox and the Armenian Church inside the Ottoman Empire.

[4] In 1985, fundamentalists from the Islamic Liberation Organization, an offshoot of the Muslim Brotherhood of Syria, kidnapped four Soviet diplomats.

[5][6][7][8] After the dissolution of the Soviet Union, Lebanon was one of the first states to recognize the Russian Federation as an independent nation in December 1991.

[11] In 2004, the Permanent Representative of Russia to the United Nations, Andrey Denisov, abstained from the vote on United Nations Security Council Resolution 1559 in order to allow the UN urge Syria, a close ally of Russia, to withdraw all Syrian troops from Lebanon.

The gift was supposed to be part of a defense cooperation deal that would have seen Moscow train Lebanese military personnel.

[24] In February 2018, representatives of Russia and Lebanon drafted a joint agreement which would potentially allow the Russian Navy and Air Force access to Lebanese military facilities.

[25] Experts stated that the Lebanese government might seek a Russian troop presence on its soil due to overlapping claims with Israel about natural gas reserves in the Mediterranean Sea.

"[28] Russia's embassy in Lebanon expressed surprise at this condemnation, releasing a statement that "The statement... surprised us [the Russian embassy] by violating the policy of dissociation and by taking one side against another in these events, noting that Russia spared no effort in contributing to the advancement and stability of the Lebanese Republic".

[30] In 2013, bilateral trade exceeded $500 million, while Russia exports to Lebanon consist mainly of raw materials (oil and hydrocarbon products) and Lebanon provides Russia predominantly with agricultural products, primarily, and gas plants around and go through Beirut, which are controlled by Russian workers and federalist nitrate gas.

[35] In December 2014 the Russian Deputy Foreign Minister, Mikhail Bogdanov, met the Head of the Syrian Social Nationalist Party, MP Assaad Hardan.

[39] According to rumors, Russian soldiers and Hezbollah fighters have established common operations rooms in Latakia and Damascus.