[4] In 1918, a scientific survey established the geographic center of the 48 contiguous US states about 2.6 miles (4.2 km) northwest of Lebanon, and a monument was subsequently erected at the site.

[5] The geographic center of all 50 of the US states is located near Belle Fourche, South Dakota.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.316 square miles (0.818 km2), all land.

The 2020 United States census counted 178 people, 102 households, and 50 families in Lebanon.

The racial makeup of the city was 95.9% White, 0.5% Native American, 0.5% Asian, and 3.2% from two or more races.

On October 2, 2006, Lebanon was the focus of a study of rural flight, as local farmer Randall Warner was featured in a New York Times story about the problems faced by communities such as Lebanon.

The council meets the second Tuesday of each month at 7 p.m., at City Hall, 404 Main St.[22] The community is served by Smith Center USD 237 public school district.

The Lebanon Bronchos (or Broncos)[24] won the Kansas State High School boys 1A basketball championship in 1977.

[25] Lebanon is featured as an important plot point in the Neil Gaiman fantasy book, American Gods.

[26] During Super Bowl LV, Jeep aired an ad featuring Bruce Springsteen lighting a candle at a chapel in Lebanon.

[27] Lebanon is featured prominently in Seasons 8-15 of The CW's long-running fantasy series Supernatural, introduced as the location of a secret Men of Letters bunker that Sam and Dean Winchester begin using as their primary base of operations.

It is implied that the bunker was built in Lebanon due to the town's proximity to the geographic center of the contiguous United States.