Center Township covers an area of 35.98 sq mi (93.18 km2); of this, 0.015 sq mi (0.04 km2) or 0.04 percent is water.

As of the 2010 census, there were 1,827 people residing in the township.

The population density was 51 inhabitants per square mile (20/km2).

The racial makeup of the township was 97.65% White, 0.11% African American, 0.33% Native American, 0.11% Asian, 0.22% Pacific Islander, 0.33% other races and 1.26% reported that they belonged to two or more races.

This article about a location in Smith County, Kansas is a stub.