The Lebanon Valley Railroad was a railway company in the United States.

Its company leaders oversaw the construction of the Lebanon Valley Branch between the cities of Harrisburg and Reading, Pennsylvania, which opened on January 18, 1858.

Up until the 1960s, this railroad line was the foundation of passenger train operations between Harrisburg and Jersey City, yet bypassing Philadelphia.

The most famous train to operate on this line was the "Queen of the Valley."

Intermediate stations included Lebanon, Reading, Allentown, Bethlehem, Easton, Bound Brook and Bayonne.