The lechwe is native to Botswana, Zambia, southeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, northeastern Namibia, and eastern Angola, especially in the Okavango Delta, Kafue Flats, and Bangweulu Wetlands.

Adult lechwe typically stand 90 to 100 cm (35 to 39 in) at the shoulder and generally weigh from 50 to 120 kg (110 to 260 lb), with males being larger than females.

Males are darker in colour, but exact hue and amount of blackish on the front legs, chest and body varies depending on subspecies.

The hind legs are somewhat longer in proportion than in other antelopes to ease long-distance running on marshy soil.

They have a gestation period of seven to eight months so a majority of calves are born from July to September.