Leduc 0.21

The Leduc 0.21 was a research aircraft built in France in 1953 to refine the practicalities of ramjet propulsion.

Initially proposed as the 0.20, it was essentially similar to its predecessor, the Leduc 0.10, but scaled up by around 30%, with tip tanks added to the wings.

It was not capable of take-off under its own power, and had to be carried aloft and released.

Two examples were built and completed a very detailed flight test program from 1953 to 1956 to develop automated, operationally viable throttle controls for the ramjet.

Data from Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1956–57[1]General characteristics Performance