The current fifteen-member 37th Guam Legislature (Chamorro: I Mina' Trentai Siette Na Lehislaturan Guåhan) was elected in November 2022.

On December 8, 1941, Imperial Japanese forces invaded Guam, beginning a three-year occupation of the island.

Following the end of the war, the U.S. Navy attempted to resume military control of the islands, much to the dismay of the local Chamorro population who demanded greater rights on the heels of the harsh Japanese occupation.

The Organic Act provides that the Guam Legislature is a unicameral body with up to twenty-one members and that elections shall be held every two years.

The qualifications for membership in the legislature are expressly stated in the Organic Act of Guam: The legislature currently meets at the Guam Congress Building along Chalan Santo Papa in the village of Hagåtña, directly across from the Dulce Nombre de Maria Cathedral Basilica.