Leiderdorp (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌlɛidərˈdɔr(ə)p] ⓘ) is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland near the city of Leiden.

Excavations have shown that as early as during the Iron Age in the area of current day Leiderdorp hunters and fishers roamed around and lived on the dry places around the river.

During the Siege of Leiden Leiderdorp was the headquarters of the Spanish General Francisco de Valdez, who ultimately failed to capture the city.

A shipyard was constructed in 1877, and in 1915 social housing designed by famous Dutch architect Willem Marinus Dudok was erected.

During the Second World war a bunker was constructed in the neighbouring fields, and a pen factory and community centre were destroyed to make way for it.