Originally created in 1937 from the militarization of the POUM militia column, it was dissolved and recreated again in early 1938, operating on the Extremadura front.

The division was created in April 1937, on the Aragon front, after the militarization of the former militia of the Workers' Party of Marxist Unification (Spanish: Partido Obrero de Unificación Marxista, POUM) - the so-called Lenin Division.

[1][2] The unit, which was under the command of Josep Rovira i Canals, was composed of the 128th and 129th mixed brigades, coming from the former POUM columns.

[1][3] In mid-June, in the context of government repression against the POUM, Rovira was detained by the republican authorities.

In August, the division ended up being dissolved and reorganized,[8] distributing its former members to other units.