Leonhard Rauwolf (also spelled Leonhart Rauwolff) (21 June 1535 – 15 September 1596) was a German physician, botanist, and traveller.

Rauwolff started his journey by going from Augsburg to Marseilles in southern France, from which he sailed in 1573 to Tripoli in Lebanon.

Very shortly after his return he published the results of his botanic expeditions in his fourth herbarium "Viertes Kreutterbuech -- darein vil schoene und frembde Kreutter".

In addition to botanical investigations, Rauwolff observed and recorded his impressions of the people, customs, and sights of the Levantine region.

In 1582 he published these as a book in German, "Aigentliche Beschreibung der Raiß inn die Morgenländerin".

This they drink in the morning early in the open places before everybody, without any fear or regard, out of China cups, as hot as they can, sipping it a little at a time."