The resurrection of Leprantha as a distinct genus was part of ongoing efforts to clarify generic relationships within the Arthoniaceae using molecular data.

[9] Leprantha has a crustose thallus, meaning it forms a thin, crust-like layer tightly attached to the surface on which it grows.

The paraphysoids, which are branched, hair-like filaments that support the developing spores, are slender and interconnected (anastomosing), with their tips capped by a distinctive structure.

These asci are broadly club-shaped (clavate) to nearly spherical (subglobose) and are semi-fissitunicate, meaning they have a double-layered wall that partially separates when the spores are released.

The asci have a large dome-shaped tip and a clear area at the top known as the ocular chamber but lack the complex internal layers seen in some other lichen genera.

[10] The ascospores are divided by 2–5 internal walls (septate), narrowly oval (ovoid) in shape, and pointed at one end, with the opposite terminal cells distinctly larger.