Geological events occurring many years ago created diverse topography and drastic elevation changes over the Cascade Range leading to various climate differences.

[9] In addition, small fragments of the oceanic and continental lithosphere called terranes created the North Cascades about 50 million years ago.

[9] Like many of the peaks of the Washington Pass area, Liberty Bell Mountain is carved from the granite of the Golden Horn batholith.

During the Pleistocene period dating back over two million years ago, glaciation advancing and retreating repeatedly scoured the landscape leaving deposits of rock debris.

Uplift and faulting in combination with glaciation has been the dominant processes that have created the tall peaks and deep valleys of the North Cascades area.