Four villages grew within its borders: Girard, Churchill, Sodom, and Seceders Corners.

In 1860, coal was discovered on Alexander McCleery's farm becoming a major industry in the area for the next forty years.

According to the 2010 Census numbers, Liberty Township (the unincorporated areas, excluding the city of Girard) had 5,029 households and 3,337 families.

Records suggest that in the township (excluding Girard), 26.1% of the households had children under the age of 18.

The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

Public education in the township (excluding the city of Girard) is managed by the Liberty Local School District.