Under his reign, Libya was one of the most prosperous parts of the empire with strong Libyan characteristics, but due to his defiance to the Turks, it drew hostility indirectly from the Ottomans.

[3] By then, until the Italian conquest, Ottoman rule in Libya was secured, but it was neglected from the mainland due to its lack of development.

Although Turkey opposed and accused "Sarkozy of pursuing French interests over liberation of Libyan people"[9] and on March 20 it took an observant position.

[11] Gaddafi refused to do so and Turkey threw its support behind anti-Gaddafi forces, notably the National Transitional Council in July 2011.

[12] With the outbreak of the second Libyan Civil War, Turkey remains supportive of the UN-recognized Government of National Accord in Tripoli, against Haftar-based House of Representatives in Tobruk.

[15] Haftar had remained as belligerent against Turkey, led by Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, and Tobruk-based forces often seized Turkish ships transporting arms to the army in Tripoli.

In retaliation for his defeat, Haftar, who is backed by the United Arab Emirates and Egypt, responded by threatening Turkey and vowed to target all Turkish ships and companies, ban flights to and from Turkey, and arrest Turkish nationals in Libya.

[20] On 2 January 2020, Turkey's parliament approved a bill to deploy troops into Libya to back the UN-recognised government in the capital, after forces loyal to Haftar, a rival administration, launched an offensive.

The Turkish Foreign Minister responded that the military forces were present under a training agreement reached with the previous government.