Lieven Bauwens (14 June 1769 in Ghent – 17 March 1822 in Paris) was an entrepreneur and industrial spy from the Austrian Netherlands.

He was sent to Great Britain at a young age and brought a spinning mule and skilled workers to the European continent.

As a leading industrial, he was visited by Napoleon in 1810 and awarded the Legion d'Honneur.

In 1801, Bauwens smuggled a spinning mule and steam engine out of Great Britain to help set up the textile industry in Flanders.

[1]: 22 The spinning mule that was brought to Ghent can still be visited, in the Industrial Museum .