Lijstduwer

Since this is generally an unelectable position, accepting nomination as a lijstduwer is considered to be an endorsement of that specific party with the intent of attracting more votes for the party on account of their reputation and popularity in their field, while precluding any concerns regarding such nominal candidates' competence as lawmakers.

The candidate is not likely to become a member of the elected body due to the low placement on the list, and generally rejects the position if they gather enough preference votes for a full seat (which they can claim under the Dutch system).

In the broader definition, candidates who are lower on the list than the number of seats a party is likely to win, are considered lijstduwers.

[5] As some local elections in Germany have cumulative voting and panachage the last place on the party list is sometimes given to a more prominent or high-profile candidate for similar reasons to the phenomenon in the Netherlands.

For instance, football coach Pep Guardiola acted as the closing candidate for the pro-independence party Junts pel Sí in the Barcelona constituency list for the 2015 Catalan regional election Well-known national politicians can act as lijstduwer on the list for the European and municipal elections.