[2] Both males and females are colorful, with translucent and glittery bodies[3] featuring dark vertical bars (from which the specific epithet nigrofasciata is derived).

[5] In habitats characterized by submerged aquatic vegetation and muddy bottoms, Limia nigrofasciata is found alongside congeners L. islai, L. garnieri, L. miragoanensis, and L. immaculata; fellow poeciliid Gambusia beebei; and the cichlids Nandopsis haitiensis, Oreochromis aureus, and Tilapia rendali (the latter two being introduced species).

[5] Gut analyses of wild specimens point to Limia nigrofasciata feeding exclusively on detritus and algae, taking no animal food items.

[7] In contrast to its sister species, L. islai (which is often mislabelled as L. nigrofasciata), the reproductive behavior of Limia nigrofasciata features an elaborate courtship display by the males, which try to attract the females by presenting a large, ornamented dorsal fin, wagging their tail, and performing lateral displays.

[5] Along with L. melanogaster, Limia nigrofasciata was a popular livebearer in fishkeeping in the early 1960s; it has since been eclipsed by the fancy varieties of Xiphophorus and Poecilia species.