But they differ in that yaru expresses when the action is looked at from the point of view of the referent of the subject or the neutral (objective) point of view, whereas kureru is used when the event is described from the point of view of the referent of the dative object.
While present in many languages, including English, it is particularly prominent in some, such as Japanese.
The concept has no connection with empathy in terms of attributing mental states to others or sympathizing with their situation.
The basic idea of linguistic empathy is that sentences can provide information about the speaker's point of view, from which they describe a state of affairs.
This information can be expressed as concerning the speaker's identification with a participant", "camera angle", and "point of view".