It is likely his father was Michael Samson, "a member of one of the old established and wealthy families of English Jewry", according to the Australian Dictionary of Biography.
[1] After studying at Oxford University and being a member of the London Stock Exchange he emigrated to Western Australia.
Samson arrived at Fremantle in 1829 on the Calista and soon set up business as a wine and spirit merchant, importer, and auctioneer.
Samson was a member of the Fremantle Town Trust and a nominee in the Western Australian Legislative Council in 1849–56 and 1859–68.
Lionel Samson Building, in Cliff Street, is on the Heritage Council of Western Australia's Places Database.