As far back as 1885, proposals existed for a tunnel between Midtown Manhattan and Long Island City designed to connect the Long Island Rail Road and the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad with a trolley line.
Construction hazards, economic despair, and the transfer of ownership of this project delayed completion of the tunnel.
[8] The city-owned Independent Subway System installed two lines in Queens on August 19, 1933; the IND Crosstown Line ran south from Court Square in Long Island City to Greenpoint in Brooklyn,[9][10][11] and was expanded to Downtown Brooklyn on July 1, 1937.
[12] The IND Queens Boulevard Line entered from Manhattan and ran to Jackson Heights, then to Kew Gardens on December 31, 1936,[13][14][15] then to 169th Street in Jamaica on April 24, 1937.
[9][14][18] The line was demolished after the closing of the 1939 World's Fair and the remnants can be found in the Jamaica Yard.
[19][20][21][22] When the IND connected the Fulton Street Subway to the BMT Fulton Street Elevated on April 29, 1956, the former segments of the line in Ozone Park and Richmond Hill was officially "recaptured" by the IND.