An exception from the standard is the romanization of Sinhala long "ä" ([æː]) as "ää".
The Dutch replaced the Portuguese as the catalyst of change with regards to the social and cultural life of the people.
The words pertaining to the fields of daily life, administration, food and military are the most numerous; this is to be expected because of many new innovations and goods that reached Sri Lanka via the Dutch.
Usually, a word has undergone some kind of modification to fit into the Sinhala phonological or morphological system (e.g. balk becomes bālkaya because Sinhala inanimate nouns (see grammatical gender) need to end with /a/, [ə], in order to be declineable).
These are the main ways Dutch words are incorporated into the Sinhala lexicon with different endings: [1][2][3]