Most of the books listed here were discovered hidden in a stupa outside the city walls of the abandoned Western Xia fortress city of Khara-Khoto in Inner Mongolia by Pyotr Kuzmich Kozlov during his expedition of 1907–1909.
A lesser number of texts (mostly fragments) were recovered from Khara-Khoto by Aurel Stein during his expedition of 1913–1916.
A large number of complete and fragmentary Tangut texts have also been discovered at various sites in Inner Mongolia, Ningxia and Gansu in China during the 20th and 21st centuries.
Yevgeny Kychanov's 1999 catalogue of Buddhist texts from Khara-Khoto held at the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg lists 768 entries which cover 370 separate titles.
1 and 3–10)[13] British Library Or.12380/2484, Or.12380/3907, Or.12380/3908 (manuscript fragments) British Library Or.12380/2581 (manuscript fragment) Great Ode𗊱𗿒(Chinese: 大詩; pinyin: Dà Shī) Ode on Monthly Pleasures𗼑𗼑𗫉𗊱(Chinese: 月月樂詩; pinyin: Yuèyuèlè Shī) Ode on Reason𘋥𘝿𗊱(Chinese: 道理詩; pinyin: Dàolǐ Shī) Ode on Cleverness𘄦𘍵𗊱(Chinese: 聰穎詩; pinyin: Cōngyǐng Shī) IOM Tang.4 (part of a manuscript copy)[32]