[11] The former also had a Croat minority present in the city's capital, Callao and Cerro de Pasco,[12] represented by the Yugoslav Society in central Lima.

[13][14] During World War II, Peru established economic and consular relations with the Yugoslav government-in-exile in October 1942.

[16] After Juan Velasco Alvarado's coup d'état against Fernando Belaúnde and the establishment of his so-called revolutionary government, Peru reestablished relations with the countries of the second world, including the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in 1967.

[15] Relations were then upgraded to embassy level on December of the following year, and the Yugoslav ambassador presented his credentials on January 9, 1971.

The Peruvian embassy in Belgrade closed in 2006,[23][24] instead accrediting its ambassadors in the former country's neighbouring regions to the successor states of Yugoslavia, including now independent Serbia.