Pope Pius IX granted a Pontifical decree of coronation towards the Marian image of Our Lady of Consolation (Latin: Sancta Maria Consolatricis Afflictorum), the patron saint of both the city and the nation on 24 June 1866.

The rite of coronation was executed by the former Archbishop of Munich, Cardinal Karl-August von Reisach on 2 July 1866.

The Jesuit church was consecrated and dedicated to the Immaculate Conception on 17 October 1621 by auxiliary bishop Georg von Helfenstein.

Artistically, it was above all the German sculptor Daniel Muller (died 1623) from Freiberg (Saxony) who contributed to the appearance of the church, his work including the organ tribune.

This enlargement, which influenced the silhouette of the fortress city of Luxembourg, went ahead according to plans by and under the supervision of the Luxembourgish architect Hubert Schumacher.

The expanded area, which connects to the two choir bays of 1613–1621, characterises the image of the former Jesuit church both due to its spaciousness and through the architectural unity.

On Good Friday, 5 April 1985, around mid-day, work on the roof caused the west tower to catch fire.