The energy is later converted back to its electrical form and returned to the grid as needed.
Another energy storage method is the consumption of surplus or low-cost energy (typically during night time) for conversion into resources such as hot water, cool water or ice, which is then used for heating or cooling at other times when electricity is in higher demand and at greater cost per kilowatt hour (kWh).
Such thermal energy storage is often employed at end-user sites such as large buildings, and also as part of district heating, thus shifting energy consumption to other times for better balancing of supply and demand.
Table is by default sorted by operational storage capacity in MWh.
[67] Hydrogen gas will be stored in salt caverns rather than conventional storage tanks.