A moustache is defined as any facial hair grown specifically on the upper lip.
Charlie Chaplin was the first famous man to sport this look, and his popularity circa 1915 made the toothbrush style fashionable worldwide in the early 20th century.
Resultantly dubbed the "Hitler moustache" in the public consciousness, the style has faded and become nearly extinct since World War II.
The term five-o'clock shadow refers to stubble which is very short, apparently only a few hours' growth (as it would look at 5 PM after a man shaved that morning).
A full-beard which shows full, unmodified growth on all available areas of the face and neck, including the moustache, chin, sideburns, and cheeks.