The islands of São Tomé and Príncipe were discovered and claimed by Portugal in the 1470s.
A Portuguese colony was established in 1485.
Each island was governed as a separate entity until 1753, when they were united as a single crown colony.
In 1951, the islands became an overseas province of Portugal.
(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office) (Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office) (Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)