List of heads of state of Italy

With the Frankish conquest of Italy in the 8th century, the Carolingians assumed the title, which was maintained by subsequent Holy Roman Emperors throughout the Middle Ages.

This title is present on Italian laws proclaimed by Napoleon I: [Name], by the Grace of God and the Constitutions, Emperor of the French and King of Italy.

The Constituent Assembly which had the power to rule Italy until a new constitution for the republic was drawn up.

The provisional Head of State after Alcide De Gasperi who exercised the powers after the King of Italy left was Enrico De Nicola who was proclaimed in 1946 but he was called Temporary Chief of State because he did not want to be called President of the Republic until the constitution was law.

Traditionally, Presidents have not been members of any political party during their tenure, in order to be considered above partisan interests.