List of hillforts in Latvia

Hillforts in Latvia offered not only military and administrative functions but they were also cultural and economic centres of some regions.

The Latvian word for hillfort is pilskalns (plural: pilskalni), from pils (castle) and kalns (hill).

Latvian hillforts generally were a part of a complex consisting of the main fortress, the settlement around it, one or more burial fields and nearby ritual sites.

[2][3] During the Roman Iron Age, some of the Latvian hillforts (like Ķivutkalns) were abandoned or became sparsely populated.

That period was known for unrest and military activities, as well as power struggles between local aristocracy.