Key works of Carolingian illumination [de] are those Illuminated manuscripts of the Carolingian period which are recognised in art historical scholarship as works of particular artistic significance (especially those included in general overviews).
Contemporary was the "Palace School" which was probably based in the same place, but whose artists were from Byzantium or Byzantine Italy.
After the death of Charlemagne, the centre of illumination shifted to Rheims, Tours and Metz.
The high point of Carolingian illumination came to an end in the late ninth century.
In late Carolingian times a Franco-Saxon School [fr] developed which incorporated forms from insular illumination, before a new epoch began at the end of the tenth century with the development of Ottonian illumination [de]