For some two hundred years from the mid-7th century onwards it was the dominant member of the Heptarchy and consequently the most powerful of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms.
Spellings varied widely in this period, even within a single document, and a number of variants exist for the names given below.
When the Iclingas became extinct in the male line, a number of other families, labelled B, C and W by historians, competed for the throne.
The title Earl of March (etymologically identical to 'Earl of Mercia') was created in the western Midlands for Roger Mortimer in 1328.
It has fallen extinct, and been recreated, three times since then, and exists today as a subsidiary title of the Duke of Richmond and Lennox.