Lithophone

In the Hornbostel-Sachs classification system, lithophones are designated as '111.22' – directly-struck percussion plaques.

The Gaval Dash in Gobustan State Historical and Cultural Reserve outside Baku, Azerbaijan is a natural stone that sounds like tambourine when struck with smaller rocks.

[2] The Great Stalacpipe Organ of Luray Caverns, Virginia, USA uses 37 stalactites to produce the Western scale.

Other stalactite lithophones are at Tenkasi in South India, and at Ringing Rocks Park in Pennsylvania.

In 1949 an ancient stone marimba was discovered in modern-day Vietnam near a village called Ndut Lieng Krak.