There is one source of acid mine drainage in the watershed of Little Nescopeck Creek: the Jeddo Tunnel.

Several fish species inhabit the creek near its headwaters, but there is no aquatic life downstream of the Jeddo Tunnel.

Plants inhabiting the watershed include conifer and hardwood trees, herbs, legumes, and grasses.

It then turns west-southwest for several miles, crossing Interstate 81 and entering Sugarloaf Township, where it flows along the base of Butler Mountain.

[4] However, other factors besides the Jeddo Tunnel, such as discharges from sewage treatment plants and an increase in storm water runoff have also contributed to the widening of the creek.

[4] Little Nescopeck Creek's discharge upstream of the Jeddo Tunnel is 2.18 cubic feet per second.

[3] Upstream of the Jeddo Tunnel, the manganese concentration of the water of Little Nescopeck Creek averages around 108 micrograms per liter.

There is also phosphorus and nitrite in the creek, but the tunnel does not contribute a measurable amount of such compounds.

[3] In three different sites on Little Nescopeck Creek downstream of the Jeddo Tunnel, the daily load of aluminum passing through ranges from 2,871 to 3,175 pounds (1,302 to 1,440 kg).

[3] Little Nescopeck Creek is mostly situated on top of the Mauch Chunk Formation, a Mississippian period rock that consists of shale, conglomerate, and coarse gray sandstone.

A large number of other types of soils are found in very small amounts in the creek's watershed.

[3] One type of soil that is also found in the Little Nescopeck Creek watershed is the Basher Series.

Along the creek near Sybertsville, this type of soil is reddish-brown and sticky to a depth of six there inches (15 centimeters).

From 18 to 24 inches (45 to 60 centimeters), the soil is reddish-brown with pinkish-gray areas and is a sandy loam.

From 37 to 47 inches (93 to 118 centimeters), the soil is reddish-brown with light gray and yellowish-red areas, and is a coarse sandy loam.

The pollution of the Jeddo Tunnel affects Nescopeck Creek, the Susquehanna River, and the Chesapeake Bay.

In the northeastern part of the watershed there are palustrine shrub-scrub, deciduous, broad-leaved evergreen wetlands.

The construction of the Susquehanna and Lehigh Turnpike also helped to increase the population of the Little Nescopeck Creek watershed.

[9] In 1809, Redmond Conyngham built a sawmill on M. Beishline's land on Little Nescopeck Creek in southwestern Butler Township.

Little Nescopeck Creek's name comes from a Lenni Lenape word meaning "deep black river".

[3] In 1995, a $50,000 grant was given to the Wildlands Conservancy to improve the water quality of Little Nescopeck Creek.

[4] The most common large game animal in the Little Nescopeck Creek watershed is the white-tailed deer.

[3] Common plants in the Little Nescopeck Creek watershed include conifer and hardwood trees, herbs, legumes, and grasses.

The plants in the Little Nescopeck Creek watershed are fairly typical for the Ridge-and-Valley province.

These include bulrush, pondweed, duckweed, waterweed, and some types of algae, all of which are typical for a stream in the eastern United States.

[3] Little Nescopeck Creek's riparian zone has survived to date due to conservation efforts of the local community.

The narrowest area of the riparian zone is zero feet in a pasture one mile upstream of the Jeddo Tunnel.

The widest area of the riparian zone is 500 feet (150 m) on the Keystone Jobs Corps Center property.

The other two are the Whispering Willow Park and the Historic Brainard Church in the western part of the watershed.

[3] In 1998, there were plans to convert abandoned railroad beds in the Little Nescopeck Creek watershed to rail-trails.