[2] Some of the landforms and locations within the LSD include:[6] There is a high level of biodiversity among plants and animals, with some species threatened by various factors.

[5] There have been 103 bird species recorded in the Birriliburu IPA, and 116 within the whole desert, including the Australian bustard (Aredeotis australis) and bush stone-curlew (Burhinus grallariu).

[3] Buffel grass threatens the native plant species, as it is tough, and burns hotter in the ever more frequent bushfires caused by climate change.

[11] The biogregions were developed by the Australian Government as an environmental planning tool in the 1990s, with IBRA7 defining "large geographically distinct bioregions based on common climate, geology, landform, native vegetation and species information".

At Katjarra, there are two camping spots, with shed tanks and long-drop toilets, and Indigenous rangers are available to show tourists the part of the range that is open to the public.

It is a sacred and significant place for the Indigenous people, associated with the creator being sometimes termed the rainbow serpent, and it contains much ancient rock art.

There are rock paintings of the bilby, the black-flanked rock-wallaby and a headdress made for ceremonial use,[7] created using ochres and charcoal,[13] and it is one of the largest such sites in Australia.

[14] Katjarra is fairly close to Well 5 on the Canning Stock Route, and had been frequently visited by travellers and tourists;[7] access had also opened up from Wiluna in the 1970s owing to pastoral leases and mining interests nearby,[15] Over time, there had been loss of or damage to thousands of Aboriginal artefacts, including grinding stones.

The mountain was closed to the public, as part of the Birriliburu IPA, in 2008, which gave time to plan for future tourism and to do archaeological research and ecological surveys.

[16] This and other recent studies, which were done at the request of the native title holders, shed new light on the concept of deep time, as well as the social geography of arid zones.

The wood was used as firewood, food, bush medicine and for making tools, from the Pleistocene through to the Holocene eras,[14] and more than 100 species were used across the continent by other Aboriginal peoples.

Karnakatul shows one of the earliest uses of firewood, and habitation continued through times of extreme climate change, when the desertification occurred as the polar ice sheets expanded.