[4][needs update] Little Shamokin Creek starts in eastern Northumberland County, several miles north of Trevorton.

The highest portions of the watershed are in the southeastern area, where Little Mountain is located.

[5] The Berks-Weikert-Bedingon soil series occurs in all the northern and central areas of the watershed.

[6] The Hamilton Group is a rock formation that exists in all of the northern portion of the Little Shamokin Creek watershed.

In the extreme southern area of the watershed is a band of members of the Buddy Run formation.

[6] A rock formation known as the Oriskany chert stops at Little Shamokin Creek.

[6] The creek is also home to a fishing hole that is approximately 3 feet (0.91 m) deep.

[9] The waters of Little Shamokin Creek have low levels of dissolved oxygen.

A dam with five reservoirs was created on the creek, 1 mile (1.6 km) east of Sunbury.

It was first built by Colonel Thomas Jones during the 1790s, between Tulpehocken Road and Trevorton.

Shipman's Mill was also located on the creek, between Tulpehocken Road and the Susquehanna River.

Fagley's Mill was built in southern Rockefeller Township, on a tributary of the creek.

[5] In some of the agricultural areas of the Little Shamokin Creek watershed, there is very little riparian buffer.

The farms contribute to the stream's rating by the Department of Environmental Protection as "impaired".

[12] Water-penny beetles have also been observed in the creek, indicating that it is recovering from being biologically impaired.