As a result of financial support from Howard Coast, the white owner of a mercantile store in Yazoo City, he was encouraged to establish his practice in the wealthy cotton town.

[1][2][3][4][5] In 1900, Miller was a co-founder with a dozen other doctors of the Mississippi Medical and Surgical Association (MMSA), the state's largest and oldest organization representing African American health professionals.

[2][6] In 1928, Miller along with local businessman T. J. Huddleston Sr. established the Afro-American Hospital in Yazoo City to provide medical services for members of the Afro-American Sons and Daughters, a statewide fraternal insurance organization that provided death and hospitalization benefits to its members.

Given the dearth of quality health care facilities available to blacks at the time, the hospital serviced not only individuals from Yazoo City and the Delta region, but other parts of Mississippi and the South as well.

Miller recruited Robert Elliott Fullilove and three registered nurses to complete his staff.