From the 1870s there has been a continuing process of improving the Main Line between Brisbane and Toowoomba because of its importance as a major arterial route.

As part of that process, which required the replacement of original bridges to carry heavier loads, construction work began in 1909 on a reinforced concrete arch bridge over Lockyer Creek at 77 miles 55 chains (125.0 km) immediately following the construction of one at 75 miles 48 chains (121.7 km).

[1] Lockyer Creek Railway Bridge was listed on the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992 having satisfied the following criteria.

This reinforced concrete arched bridge on a straight alignment has one of the largest spans of its type in Australia.

[1] The place has a special association with the life or work of a particular person, group or organisation of importance in Queensland's history.