Lodi (/ˈloʊdi/ LOH-dee, Italian: [ˈlɔːdi] ⓘ; Ludesan: Lòd) is a city and comune (municipality) in Lombardy, northern Italy, primarily on the western bank of the River Adda.

From 1220, the Lodigiani (inhabitants of Lodi) spent decades in constructing a system of miles of artificial rivers and channels (called Consorzio di Muzza).

In 1413, the antipope John XXIII launched the bull by which he convened the Council of Constance from the Duomo of Lodi.

In the second half of the 19th century, Lodi began to expand outside the city walls and was boosted by economic expansion and the construction of railway lines that followed the unification of Italy.

[6] IBSA Institut Biochimique SA, a Swiss pharmaceutical multinational company, has its Italian headquarters in Lodi, as well as a production plant.

Some are in monochromatic turquoise and are decorated with arabesques, draperies and geometric-floral compositions arranged in a radial pattern.

Most of the Rossetti ceramics are in monochromatic turquoise and have decorations inspired by Roman art revisited in a Baroque style, such as pillars, balustrades, capitals, urns, shells, stylized leaves garlands, divinities and satyrs.

Some ceramics feature landscapes in the center, with views of cities and castles, hills, lakes, clouds and birds.