Louroux Priory

Dating from the Romanesque, Gothic, Renaissance, and Classical eras, the complex includes several buildings, most notably the Prior's Residence, two barns, a dovecote, and a church dedicated to Saint Sulpice.

[8][nb 1] The fief of Armançay, or Armençey,[3] straddles the communes of Tauxigny-Saint-Bauld and Le Louroux, where Hardouin V de Maillé had a manor house towards the late 13th century,[10] and which was later elevated to a castellany.

[5][6] The priory's northern boundary is delimited by a stream of the Échandon,[13] a tributary of the Indre, which feeds the Louroux ponds to the southwest of the commune's main square.

The monks of the Louroux, who belong to the Benedictine order,[36] have held land at Lavatorii (fief du Lavoir, commune of Veigné) from their Tenant-in-chief Thibault de Braord, knight of Montbazon, since the foundation of the monastic establishment, in exchange for an annual cens of 200 denarius.

[35] In February 1067, Geoffroy, the youngest son of doyen Ulger, in return for 100 sous, paid by Barthélémy, abbot of Marmoutier, ceded his rights of use and custom over the Louroux Priory.

[33][44] Towards the late 12th century, between 1080 and 1100, his son Hugues de Sainte-Maure sought to obtain half the tithe and agistment rights belonging to the priory of Le Louroux.

Ardonius, the prior in charge of Le Louroux at the time, did not give in to his demands; the dispute was settled through a duel, and Sainte-Maure's attempt failed.

[49][53] In 1146, an individual named Hugues Ancipitrencis sold six acres of land located "near the Gaultier elm" ("juxta ulnum Gaulterii") to the monks of Louroux.

[60]Nonetheless, attributing this construction to the initiative of the abbot of Marmoutier needs to be nuanced: according to Impey and Lorans, it is not impossible that this was an older building that Des Roches only had repaired, and that this same aula was destroyed at a later date.

[64] The high, medium, and low rights of justice, as well as the setiers of wheat and wine granted to the lord of the Louroux, were made public and ratified by letters patent from King Philippe VI of France in 1334.

[47] The fortification of the Louroux complex, comprising the prior's residence, the tithe barn, and the abbey farm, became complete during the Hundred Years' War.

[68] Early on in 1598, during the Eighth War of Religion, Huguenot troops led by a man named Mussant stormed the priory and damaged the buildings.

[68] Jules-Paul de Lionne, abbot in charge of Marmoutier's ministry at the time, was authorized to cut down a 250-year-old Louroux high forest behind the priory to cover the cost of reconstruction work.

[63][68] The following year, on 8 October 1708, Joseph Haranc (or Harane), then King's Councillor, Master of Waters and Forests of the Lochois region, and head of the L'Étang's seigneury, was commissioned to select the said grove.

[68] When Louis, Count of Clermont took over as head of Marmoutier, he recognized that the seigneury and "château" of Le Louroux, together with an estate including a park of five to six acres, were the responsibility of the abbey.

[68] A document dated 27 September 1732, shows that repairs to the priory's bridge (referred to as the "château"), a cistern, and various other works were carried out thanks to the adjudication of a 200-hectare oak grove in Louroux.

On 11 December, Louis-Jacques Chapt de Rastignac succeeded in bringing Marmoutier's Abbey under the jurisdiction of the diocesan see of Tours, thanks to a papal bull issued by Pope Clement XII.

Then, in 1763, the "seigneury" of the Louroux, which included the priory buildings, four ponds, two tenant farms, tithe revenues, and terraces, was the subject of a "general" lease in return for a total payment of 4,780 livres.

The lease of the Louroux was renewed on 17 November 1784, for a period of nine years, expiring in 1793, and was signed by the archbishop of the time, Joachim François Mamert de Conzié.

[71] The first courtyard housed the mews, a vast barn, stables, and a sheepfold with tiled and slate roofs, as well as a vegetable garden "adjacent to and successive to the said château".

[71] The contractual provisions were rounded out by corvée (forced labour) performed by residents of the lourousian parish, as well as hallage, butchery and cabaret rights.

[71] In addition, at the end of the rental contract, farmers are obliged to "leave the dovecote properly and densely populated with sixty dozen pigeons".

The two Godeau children entered into a transaction in 1861, selling the Louroux estate in exchange for a tenant farm located astride the communes of Sainte-Catherine-de-Fierbois and Saint-Épain.

[22] In addition to the priory buildings, the Louroux estate comprised the Beauvais tenant farm and four ponds, covering a total surface area of 217 ha.

[22][47] In August 2002, artist Yves Charnay created a plastic arts light display at the priory, entitled L'azur en pré fleurit.

[86] And in 2013, as part of the cultural, heritage and town-planning development of the Louroux, the Communauté de communes du Grand Ligueillois' tourism commission, launched a new project for the former priory buildings.

[106] The roof of the residence rests on a herringbone-patterned rafter framework, whose beams, each numbered in ascending order from north to south, are derived from trees cut down in 1519.

[13] The third element is a Romanesque double-arched openings, approximately 2.50 m high and located to the left of the double buttress, the study of which revealed that its embrasure had been altered.

[64] A series of arches and the remnants of beams that formed the framework of a staircase connecting the bricked-up door to the first floor of the bell tower are still clearly visible.

[64][119] Traces of the torn-off masonry section framing the porch, probably a pillar, can still be seen from the foundations to halfway up the southwest corner of the southern gable wall.

OpenStreetMap location of the priory (orange dot in the center of the map)
The priory buildings on the 1832 Napoleonic cadastral plan of Le Louroux . [ 12 ]
The Louroux ponds.
Seal and counter-seal of Hardouin V de Maillé .
Philippe VI ratified the rights of the seigneur du Louroux in 1334.
Jules-Paul de Lionne , had the buildings rebuilt in the early 18th century.
Louis, Count of Clermont had the priory repaired in the first half of the 18th century.
Joachim François Mamert de Conzié , the archbishop who drew up the 1784 lease.
Painter Eugène Delacroix sketched the priory.
The priory, in 2017.
Ground plan of the buildings in 1832 (with the exception of the dovecote, further north).
Stages in the construction of the priory's main buildings [ 96 ]
12th century
Early 13th century
Late 14th century
Late 15th century
Mid-16th century
Early 17th century
Late 17th century
1710
From the 19th to the 20th century
Restored route
Overview of the complex.
The residence from the west side.
Polygonal tower and gallery.
West façade, gallery and polygonal tower.
Close-up of the wall and former bays of the Romanesque building.
Close-up of the wall being rebuilt where the old Romanesque openings used to be (here: at the corner of the polygonal tower).
Apse , nave and upper part of bell tower .
Church bell tower and portal, in the center.
West façade and south gable wall of the barn.
Northern gable wall of the tithe barn with buttress.
East façade of the barn.
The northeastern corner tower on the left, the drawbridge in the center, flanked by two sections of the surrounding wall.
Northern perimeter wall with a moat.
Left pillar of the perimeter gateway.
Right pillar of the perimeter gate.
The dovecote surrounded by the garden fence.
Overview of the dovecote.
Livestock buildings to the right of the 15th-century barn.