Only friendly societies were tolerated, since the authorities considered that a teacher was a civil servant, should represent the state and should not organize or stand for election.

[1] In June 1917 Colliard was forced to move to a new school due to her "extreme pacifism" and because she had expressed sympathy for the German people.

[3] Georges Clemenceau returned to power in mid-November 1917, and launched a violent campaign against defeatism that lasted throughout 1918.

[4] The first CGT congress since the war started was held in Paris in July 1918, at a time when the city was threatened by a new German offensive.

[2] Lucie Colliard and Hélène Brion, both feminists, were among the five female teachers dismissed for pacifist activity.

[8] At the PCF's Tours Congress in December 1920 Colliard was appointed a délégué à la propagande, a propagandist.

[12] She wrote on 7 October 1921 that the secretariat had been formed, "under the pressure of the Executive Committee of the Cominterm, itself alarmed by communist female militants."

[2] Colliard was dispatched by Charles Tillon to support the sardine cannery strike at Douarnenez, Finistère in 1924.

[15] She reported on this "belle grève de femmes" (fine women's strike) from start to finish for l'Humanité.

[2] This was founded by "Pivertists" (followers of Marceau Pivert), a left-wing group which split off soon after the failure of the Front Populaire in 1938.

[2] Lucie Colliard was elected to the municipal council of Clichy, Hauts-de-Seine in April 1945 and became deputy mayor two years later, at the age of seventy.