Florent Vincent Emile Lucien Dechaineux (15 July 1869 – 4 April 1957) was a Belgian-born Australian artist active in Tasmania.

Dechaineux attended the Sydney Technical College from 1885 to 1888, where he came under the tutelage of house painter Lucien Henry.

[1] On 23 December 1891 Dechaineux married Tasmanian-born Isabella "Ella" Jane Briant at St John's Church of England in Darlinghurst.

[1] His first son, Captain Emile Frank Verlaine Dechaineux died in battle while commanding HMAS Australia in 1944.

A portrait of Dechaineux by Jack Carington Smith is housed at the Tasmanian Art Gallery.