Lucrezia Barberini (24 October 1628 – 24 August 1699) was an Italian noblewoman and, by marriage, Duchess of Modena.

Born into the Barberini family, she was the last wife of Francesco I d'Este, Duke of Modena.

Her cousin Lorenzo Onofrio Colonna, Prince of Paliano, was the husband of Marie Mancini; niece of French First Minister Cardinal Jules Mazarin.

[3] Francesco had, in fact, fought alongside his father against Taddeo Barberini's troops.

They had one son, Rinaldo d'Este, Duke of Modena, who married Charlotte of Brunswick-Lüneburg.