Ludovico II Gonzaga (1334 – 4 October 1382) was an Italian politician who was capitano del popolo of Mantua.
In 1368 Francesco also died in mysterious circumstances, and Ludovico became the only successor to Guido.
When his father died, Ludovico set a policy of friendship with the nearby Milan and their rulers, the House of Visconti.
He married Alda, daughter of Obizzo III d'Este, Marquis of Ferrara.
Internally, Ludovico built or strengthened fortifications in his land, but also faced two plots, including one by Antonio Gonzaga in 1373.