Luella Twining

Twining presided over the ratification meeting during the first convention of the Industrial Workers of the World, representing the American Federal Union.

"[2]: 197 Twining was known as "The Joan of Arc of the working class" in the early part of the 20th century, a title she shared with Elizabeth Gurley Flynn.

[5] She was on the payroll of the Western Federation of Miners in 1907-1908 as a solicitor of the defense and frequently would speak on labor topics as their representative.

[8] She was also a sought-after public speaker on topics such as class conflict and improvement of labor conditions for women.

[3] She wrote for many labor and socialist papers including writing about the Cherry Mine Disaster and other topics for the Appeal to Reason newspaper.