[5][3] Wilfred G. Lambert pointed out making a connection between sea and death is not uncommon in Mesopotamian literature, for example the Epic of Gilgamesh uses the phrases "waters of death" and "ocean," a-ab-ba, interchangeably, and noted a similar association is also present in the Ugaritic texts, in the Old Testament, and in Hesiod's Theogony, where the personified Styx is a daughter of Oceanus.
[7] Lambert also presumed that Abzumaḫ, "exalted Apsu," was a female deity who functioned as Lugala'abba's spouse in Nippur.
[6] A temple to deities named dlugal-ab-a and dabzu-maḫ existed in this city during the reign of Samsu-iluna.
[5] However, Jeremiah Peterson argues that this view is incorrect, and suggests this writing refers to a separate god, Lugaleša.
[1] Lugala'abba is also present in a list of Asakku demons, in which he occurs alongside Equ, Muḫra, Kūšu, Lugaledinna, Sakkut, Šulak and Latarak.
[11] In the incantation series Šurpu, Lugala'abba opens a sequence of invoked deities[4] which consists of Lugalidda, Laguda, Inzak and Meskilak.