Between 1962 and 1974, he was a researcher at the RAND Corporation in Santa Monica, California, attaining his PhD from Harvard in 1966.

[4] While at the US State Department, Einaudi met with Vladimiro Montesinos – then a captain in the Peruvian Army – during a Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) operation that brought Montesinos to Washington, D.C., which later resulted with the army captain's temporary imprisonment.

He was the principal author of the book Beyond Cuba, Latin America Takes Charge of Its Future (1974).

Today Einaudi is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations and is on the board of educational and non-profit institutions in the United States and Italy, particularly the Fondazione Luigi Einaudi (Turin), named for his grandfather, the second postwar President of Italy.

Einaudi is married to Carol Ann Peacock, a lawyer specialising in intellectual property.