Elisabeth Emma Louise "Luise" Büchner (12 June 1821, Darmstadt – 28 November 1877) was a German women's rights activist and writer of essays, novels, travelogues and poetry.

She published Die Frauen und ihr Beruf (Woman and Their Vocation) anonymously in 1855, in which she campaigned for equality of education for girls, with the opportunity for productive vocations as adult women, but also to better prepare young women for motherhood.

Die Frauen was reviewed extensively in German newspapers and journals, and was sold even in England, France and Russia.

Through this organisation Büchner was important in the development of nursing as a paid vocation without denominational attachments, rather than a voluntary activity associated with religious orders.

During World War II, in September 1944, the house in which the Büchner family had long lived was bombed.